Baker&#39;s oven



. July 12 1927' w. DREDGE.

BAKERS OVEN Filed Nov. 9, .1.525

Patented July 12, 1927.

AUNITED. STATES y g l 1,635,824 PATENT. OFFICE..

WILLIAM Daunen, or MANCHESTER, ENGLAND. 1

BAKnRs ovnN.

Application filed November 9, 1925, Serial No. 67,922, and in Great Britain November 26, 1924.

This invention has for ils object certain improvements in bakers -ovens of the kind known as steam-pipe (draw-plate) Ovens wherein the heating of the oven chamber is 5 effected by closed steam pipes partially filled before their iinal closure with water4 or other fluid; these pipes entering the furnace located at one end of the oven, so that Vthe entire oven is heated from one end, preferably that opposite the charging door through which the goods to be baked are inserted. y f

' j The particular objects and features of this invention are to obtain greater uniformity of temperature throughout the oven-chamber i or chambers, and to effecty an economy in fuel, by passing the products of combustion from the furnace through a chamber underneath the sole-plate of the oven-chamber or chambers to'y the front end of the oven, thus supplementing the heat in that part of the oven and securing more uniformity in heating through the length of the oven chamber and thence in a reverse direction through a chamber or chambers above the ovenechamg` ber before .going to` the chimney.v In combination with such an arrangement means are provided for drawing off from the oven-V Y or more superimposed chambers outside the.

ychamber any superfluous vapors arising further feature of the invention is to insulate the oven in its upper part by employing two oven-chamber, the innermost chamber being adapted to serve for collecting superfluous vapors from the oven and the outer chamber or chambers through which the flue-gases are passed on their way to the chimney serving to jacket the top of the collecting-chamber, and thus to further assist in insulating the -oven from the atmosphere, means being provided to place the collecting-chamber 1n communication with the chamber or chambers superimposed thereon and traversed by the nue-gases, so as tov enable the induced draught of the flue gases to evacuate vapors from the goods being` baked or otherwise. A

vFigure 8 is a ser-.tional end elevation taken on the line A.A. of Figure 2,

'Figure 4 isa sectional end elevation on the line BB. of Figure 2.

Figure 5 isa sectional side elevation of a draw-plate looptube heated bakers oven of the double deck type, and

Figure 6 is a sectional plan view taken on the line DD. of Figure 5. v

V1defer-ring first to Figures l, 2, 3 andy 4, the furnace 1 is arranged inthe usual mannerto heat the tubes 2, 3 and t but instead of the products of combustion passing direct to the chimney they are directed through conduits 5 vand 6 forined'in the dividing wall V7, valthough a continuous conduit of the required areay extending the whole width of the oven might be employed with equal advantages. 'The said conduits 5 and 6 communicate with the vertical conduit 8 which directs the products of combustionto the conduits or chamber 9 immediately under the sole plate 10 of the oven. Vertical side conduits 11 and' 12 areprovided to com* municate with the upper chamber or conduit 13, arranged immediately above a collecting chamber 14,'having perforated tiles 1.5 to form the roof ofthe oven chamber 16 supported by inverted T-shaped metal bars 17.

imilar tiles except that they have no perforations are used to construct the chamber or conduits above and below the oven chamber having metal supports where necessary. The circuit of the products of combustion from the 'furnace l, to the chimney or the like conducting means 18 is indicated by arrows.

The collectingf chamber is evacuated by way of an outlet 19, controlled by a damper or the likecontrolling means 20. The outlet 19 might be arrangedat the forward end of the oven. l

The sets of tubes 2, 3 and l are 'attacked for the second time bythe flames or hot gases at 2a, 3l and 4a.

It isof great importance that the products of combustion should be directed under the soleV platel of the oven immediately after leaving the furnace, as it has been found by experiment in baking that the bottom heat requires supplementing, especially in this arrangement where two chambers are formed above the oven chamber. The temperature registered inthe collecting chamber 14 is usually' greater than that in the oven chainpassing the produce; of combustion immediately nhove the eolleelinL` ehninher. 'By this; nrrafunlelneuiz n grenier economy ol 'l'uel will he the resulln und :1 grenier nriil'orluily ol lenuiernl'iue in the oven ehzuuher iel elleeled.

llelerringl lo ll`ig1u1'e of the drawings, lhieA showen Irnw-plnle oven ol the douhledeck llvoe healed hy closed slezun--pipee ne preriounly deeerihed il'or the Single oren eluunher, hul' in l'his; *oise (he ends ol' the luhee ill? thi, l :1nd l nre eoinenlrnlzefil into :i hote or lurnm-e if insleed olf the 'l'urnnee extending lo the `full Width oli the oven elnuuher :in hereinhelfore described. The ehnmher 26 employed lo rondnel, the produeln of eonihnzs'iou in n` dounn'urd direi tion over [he lullen will eornuuruil-:ite with the el einher or eouduil il? ininiedinlely under the fiole pleite ill" of lhe hol'liorn oven ehnmher. The rnforluete of eomlnieliion nre then direelied upvfnrde lhrouegh conduite lgl nud lll lo rounuunirnle u'ilh the eluunher or rondini'` il() nrrnneed nii the pnrl'ilzlon hetweeu die upper nud lower oven ehnrnliersal Ell end l repeel'ivelv, after which the pure iuiuzu'del nenin Through eonduilf-s Zfll und Ell eonununi inline with the ehnmher or eonduil'` 35 nrrnneed immediately nhove l'he eolleotine' ehnniher 36 The ,quetes mn); nnss lhrougrh n 'further Conduit 3T to the Chimney :amel: Ilm or he short eireuilied hy arranging the ehirnnev or outlet :It the Forward end in dient-ed hy dotted lines.

llel'errilnf; :renin to the ehnnihers Situated ou the roof of the. oven (which may also eX- lend lao the sides o'll the oven), the inner moet ehzunher is to he used for the purpose o l drawing from 'l'he oven ehmnher en); Superfluous; vapours :arising from the flood? he ing `linked or 'from lhe live elenm that is Sonielilneo employed when linking' eertnin elueeee ol goods, nlso any other prodiu'lhl 'from (he oven ehniuher. through perform lions:` in lhe rool of die oven Whieh nre Spreud over u wide uren extending throughout lhe oren hul' preferably over the, eentre porl'ion lhereol, while lhe olher Chmn her or ehznnhers eondnel' l'he prodnel's o'l eoinhuelion from lhe fur nee in such n Wav thnt the)1 pees over the Whole Surface of the ehnniher enuolojged to drow oil' llhe Su perfluous vnpouro (and hereafter milled The eolleelziug ehmnher) nll'er having heen russell under lhe fiole pluie oil2 the oven, rl`he eolleeline eluluilfier :5G is e amounted into the rouduilv or ehnrnher 25V llu'ough the pas' unire Zll ronl'rolled hy n suii'nhle domper or (he like nonlrollin {r ineens L lO.

'lhe lullen, =ll Shown in Figures 5 and (l nre known ns cloop luheS and trike various ilornis lo reuse en even lempernl'ure lhroughoul the oven ehzunher.

lin :in arrangement where enffh sel oli tubes or eneh independent unit of tnhes is heeded by separate furnaces, the products olf eonihuetion would he pu4 red under their refqleelive eole platee und unile nt nr poiluL lo lruvere'e ihe upper ehzunher or el :uuhe'rf:n

.ll` will lie, uluierzfllood lhuL by lhe urrnngjelueul deeerrhed the heul) (lull would olllu-ruise he n'nsfl'ed hiv unsinnig dirent up lhe ehilnneyY in uilixed lo iusulnle lhe eollerlingg rlruuher und rouneruuuu'ly lhe oven rhum her 'from the rilnlonphere, und also the iudured drnuehl; for lhe [huI nn-see iff, employed lo wneunle the coller-luigi; rhaunlfer ne required` 'lfhe heul' rlirerlzed lunhnxunlh the fiole plete oi lhe oven nmy serve lo ruinerhenl lhnl ino-t uhieh ie olI he grenlefil' iin prulfnure.

yl`he rewfule of' l-:urh nu orrulurenleut zu eordiiul' lo lhe experuneullul model huny proved u egreei eeououry in luel.

Ail vvill he uuilerelood llinl' lior diilereult l'ypes of ovens und lhe posilion ol." :luy oven in n, linillerv olE aueufn Flight uiodiienlionn "will he neeewarv, sueh nl: lor uulzuu'e iu [he une of ovenny which luke lhe end poni iivu in n hnllier)Y oli ovens speniul nfovissiou will he noce# ery l'o insulnte lhe oven Chinn-- her ou the side n nlroei', lo the outside unil.

The iudured drfurghl ol lhe rhimney will drain' o'l l'he produrre olt roiuhuelion through lhe moet direct route` therefore de'llertingr means may he employed to eireulnl'e lhe eur rent o heet :is desired no thnt no perken; will he `formed.

,il in usuel to iueulnl'e lille lop el n hnkerfs oven With n grenl thieliness oli Inekn'rnli, hut neeording' lo lhe present invention the insulnl'ion is more ell'eel'unll}y und ellirieullj` ezuried out', and no the. ordinary l'hielanef-:si of lnieluvmhY is not required on lhe lion oi The iinsul-.uineehzunher, thin henry weigrhl o'li n inlerinl is avoided.

li will he underslood lhuli hy eniploviue two or Iuore ehzuuhere ouleide `lhe oren elnuuher, l'heViuneruloel one l'or (he plu-pow ol eolleelingr sluxierlluous vapours. ele. Afrom the oven elminhers` n nd the oul'er elnunher or ehnnilwrr; to lfurlher inslulnle the oven lroni rhe nl'lnoeuhere or lhe leiupernlilue oli lhe bakery, the drnu'iireoil of lho euhm-rhume: vnpeurs ele. und the ineulnlion olE [ihe ehonr here in elieeled in l veryv Simple uulnuer und very little nllernlion is required lo ndnpr lhis invention lio exieline' evene.

The eonneelion lierween lhe eollerliugg eluunher und l'he inelululi'ingg rhomher or elnunhere is ellieeled in eurh n wey :nl lio pre venli noot or duel' heine' zuhniled inlo lhe eolleeliirer ehnnlher.

(iloxiveuienll inepeel'iou uper'ures or rlezun ine' ripertureel nre prm'ided with gus; lighl doorn.

:l 'hernuniuler muy he enuiloyeu in The eolleetingf eluunher zuid :der l'he ins'ulnliine ohzunhere` ne :in addilione` guide to 'he hoher.

Il; has heen Found hv experiment thin? the y chimney if required.

A damper may be employed to short circuit vvthe products of combustion when the furnace fire has been started to prevent an unnecessary amount. of dust and soot collecting in the circuit channels or chambers round the oven and for any other purpose. The outlet would be arranged in the roof of the furnace with a connection to the chimney to exhaust the products of combustion'into the atmosphere. Y

I declare that whatr I claim is: K.

1. In a bakers oven of the kind heated from one end by a furnace, the combination comprising` a plurality of superimposed chambers arranged externally to and` directly above the top of the oven chamber,

means for connecting the innermost of said superimposed chambers with the oven-chamber so that it forms a collecting-chamber adapted to draw off superfluous vapors from c Y. the oven-chamber, a chamber extending below the sole-plate of the oven-chamber, and means for conducting the products of coinbustion from the furnace to the chamber below the sole-plate and thence upwards from the front end of said sole-plate chamber to Y a chamber superimposed on the collectingchamber, whereby the combustion products on their way to the atmosphere are caused to pass under the sole-plate of the oven from the furnace to the front end of the oven and then over the outer surface of the collecting-clian'iber in the reverse direction towards the uptake.

2. In a bakers oven of the .kind heated from one end by a furnace, the combination comprising a plurality of superimposed chambers arrangedr externally to and directly above the top of the oven-chamber, means for connecting the innermost of said superimposed chambers with the oven-chamber so that it forms a collecting-chamber adapted to draw olf superfluous vapors from the oveii-chainbei, a chamberextending below the sole-plate of the oven-chamber, means for conducting the products of combustion from the furnace to the chamber below-the said sole-plate, and thence upward from the front end of said sole-plate chamber to a chamber superimposed on t-he collecting-chamber, and means for placing the said collecting chamber in communication with the superimposed chamber that is traversed by the flue vases on their way to the atmosphere whereby the induced draught of f the flue gasesv is' employed to evacuate the collecting-chamber.

3. In a bakersoven of the kind heated i from one end by a furnace, the combination comprising a plurality of superimposed chambers arranged externally to and directly above the top of the oven-chamber,.

means for connecting the innermost of said superimposed chambers withthe oven-chamber so that it forms a collecting-chamber adapted to draw off superfiuous vapors from the oven chamber, a chamber extending below the sole-plateY of the oven-chamber, means for conducting the products of combustion' from" the furnace to said sole-plate chamber and thence upward from the front end of said sole-plate chamber to a chamber superimposed on the collecting chamber, a.

chimney `connected-with the said lsuperiinposed chamber, and controllable means for placing the collecting-cbainber when required. in communication with the superimposedfchamber` that is traversed by the flue gasesonvtheir way' to the atmosphere'to enable the induced draught of the flue gases to evacuate the collecting-chamber.

el. In a bakers oven of the kind heated fioin one end by a furnace, the combination comprising a plurality of superimposed chambers arranged externally to and directly above the top of the oven-chamber, means for connecting the innermost of said superimposed chambers with the oven-chamber at a plurality'of places so that it forms a collecting-chainber adapted to draw 'ofi' superlluous vapors from the oven-chainber, aA

chamber extending below the sole-plate of theoven-chaniber, means for conducting the products of combustion from the furnace to the said Sole-plate chamber, conduits at the forward end of the oven for conducting the combustion products s from the sole-plate chamber to the front end of a chamber superimposed on the collecting-chamber, a chimney connected with the said superimposed chamber, and a damper for placing the collecting-chamber, when required, in communication with the superimposed chamber that istraversed by the flue gases on their way to the atmosphere, to enable the induced draught of the flue gases to evacuate the collecting-chamber.

5. In a bakers oven ofthe kind in which the heating of the oven-chamber is effected by closed tubes partially filled with heating y solo-)fhre of thc orelrchamhcr and in comllmnicul'ou it one cm1 with the chamber in which thc Sccondaq' heating of the tubes is c'cccri. :l chmubcr external to :md SuperA 5 mposcd 1113011 the lop oil' thc (Well-chamber und haring communication with thc inferior o' rho ovcn-chzunhcr al a plurality of points :so ne. io form a coll@ching-chamber for draw 'uw ci? Eupcrfluows vzrporss from thc cron- 1c chamwher, n chamber external to und Super- .impoccd upon ih@ collcctng chumbor, vorticc cfmduilis; connecting the front end orz the Jhzc dmmhcr with the chamber Suporimpomd on ih@ cocctiug-chamber, control- 1.5 hlhlc moons for phlcug thc @Meeting-climb Dcr in connomination with the Chamber enlpcrmlmzzacd (hmmm, und u chimney for marrying; away the corhhmton products and nrpcw from said mperhnpoed chamber.

ic (i. lu a dmlboclcck I )ukerr oven of the kind hcnicd from ono and by al. furnace, the

pcrimpozjcd chumhcm arrzulgcd externally to and drccty above 'the top of the upper oven- Ii 'lmlhhcr 111021115 -for connecting( the i1mormoisi* of :mid .Supcrmposcd chambers at a plurality of points with hc upper ovenchamfrcr so i'hz i'l; wil 4form :1` collectingclmmhcr arlzlplicd lo drow o supcrhlouz; vapors from thc rvonchc1'ul )c1, a chamber 3u @monding below the noloplum o" the lower oven chamber, means for colxducrihg ihc produca ol" cfmlhus'iml Vi'rcm thc 'furnace [10 lhc unid Smic-plaira chnmscr, :x holow parir tion :'rmlhh'j :L chumhcr .wclucxrafing thc .lower 35 mch-clmmhcr from hc uppcr ovc11-chmuhcr, cmirm'lhls cohncchigg thc from cud of the sole-phat@ chmnhcr of *rhc .lower oven to the 'from chil of che wir! {Jorrit} rrchauuhcr, condu'ff, connecting the rcnr cud of the parti 40 rioirchmhhor uhh thc chmhhcr superimpocwl on ihn coccifmgg chnmivcr, mmf-m1131316 lncz'xhc for piaci-irri lhc colcct'u12g-chamber whom mqurcd ju vom;mmcnon with thc said supcrimporml chmmmr, und a :hnimcy 45 cmmcctod wiih mid mlwrmpmcd chamber for curryinlgf oh cornhlmtion products;y und mpowl tlwrc'rom.

In witness vfhcrcoi1 Al have hcrcunto "f'lLLIM DREDGE.

@ucd my mlrnc his 26H1 day of October, 50 

